بسم الله والحمد لله والصلاة والسلام على رسول الله ، وبعد
8- The Prophet ﷺ said:
مَا جَلَسَ قَوْمٌ مَجْلِسًا لَمْ يَذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ
فِيهِ، وَلَمْ يُصَلُّوا عَلَى نَبِيِّهِمْ، إِلَّا كَانَ عَلَيْهِمْ تِرَةً،
فَإِنْ شَاءَ عَذَّبَهُمْ وَإِنْ شَاءَ غَفَرَ لَهُمْ
❝No group sits in a gathering in which they do not remember Allaah nor send Ṣalaah upon their Prophet, except it will be a source of remorse for them. If He تعالى wills, He will punish them, and if He wills, He will forgive them .❞ [1]
Explanation:
First: The wordings of the Ḥadeeth:
(Ḥadeeth #15-a) Narrated Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه [2] that the Prophet ﷺ said: ❝No group sits in a gathering in which they do not remember Allaah, nor sent Ṣalaah upon their Prophet, except it will be a source of remorse for them. If He تعالى wills, He will punish them, and if He wills, He will forgive them.❞ [3]
(Ḥadeeth #15-b) Narrated Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه that the Prophet ﷺ said: ❝No people sit in a gathering - in which they do not remember Allaah عز وجل and send Ṣalaah upon the Prophet ﷺ - except that it will be a cause of regret for them on the Day of Resurrection, even if they (are granted permission to) enter Paradise (because of what they missed out) of the reward.❞ [4]
(Ḥadeeth #15-c) Narrated Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه that the Prophet ﷺ said: ❝No people gather together and then depart without remembering Allaah and without sending Ṣalaah upon the Prophet ﷺ, except that this gathering of theirs will be a cause of regret for them on the Day of Resurrection.❞ [5]
(Ḥadeeth #15-d) Narrated `Abdullaah Ibn `Amr رضي الله عنهما that the Prophet ﷺ said: ❝No group of people sits in a gathering in which they do not remember Allaah, except that they will see it as a cause of regret for them on the Day of Resurrection.❞ [6]
(Ḥadeeth #16) Narrated Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه
that the Prophet ﷺ said: ❝No
group of people sit in a gathering - in which they do not remember Allaah -
except that it will be a cause of regret for them; and no person walks a path -
in which he does not remember Allaah - except that it will be a cause of regret
for him; and no person goes to bed - and he does not remember Allaah - except
that it will be a cause of regret for him.❞ [7]
Second: Explanation of selected words from the Aḥaadeeth:
1. The statement of the Prophet ﷺ: ❝No group of people sits in a gathering in which they do not remember Allaah ...❞, Ibn Rajab al-Hanbalee رحمه الله said: “Mujaahid said: ‘No group of people sit in a gathering and they disperse before remembering Allaah or mentioning His Name, except that they disperse with a stench more foul than the smell of a corpse, and this gathering of theirs will testify against them about their negligence. And no group of people sit together, and they mention Allaah and remember Him before they disperse, except that they disperse with a smell more pleasant than Misk, and this gathering of theirs will testify for them about their thoughtfulness about Allaah.’” [8]
2. The statement of the Prophet ﷺ: ❝nor send Ṣalaah upon their Prophet❞, in the saying of Allaah تعالى:
إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَمَلَـئِكَـتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى
النَّبِىِّ يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ صَلُّواْ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلِّمُواْ
تَسْلِيماً
{Allaah sends His Ṣalaah on the Prophet, and also His angels (do so). O you who believe! Send your Ṣalaah on him, and greet him with Tasleem} [9]
In his Ṣaḥeeḥ, Imaam Al-Bukhaaree رحمه الله reported: Abu Al-`Aaliyah رحمه الله said: “Allaah’s Ṣalaah is His praising him (the Prophet) in the presence of the Angels, and the Ṣalaah of the Angels is their supplication (to Allaah for the Prophet).”
Ibn `Abbaas رضي الله عنهما said: “They (the angels) send blessings.” [10]
Abu `Isaa Al-Tirmidhee رحمه الله said: This was narrated from Sufyaan al-Thawree رحمه الله and other scholars, who said: “The Ṣalaah of the Lord is mercy, and the Ṣalaah of the Angels is their seeking (Allaah’s) forgiveness for the Prophet ﷺ.” [11]
When a person sends Ṣalaah on the Prophet ﷺ, the meaning of Ṣalaah is that it is a supplication and invocation to Allaah to elevate the rank of the Prophet ﷺ and praise him among the higher group, i.e., among the Angels who are close to Allaah.
Al-Mubaarakpooree said: “Some people of knowledge were of the opinion that it is prescribed to seek Allaah’s blessing for the Prophet ﷺ at least once in the gathering; after this, it is not prescribed for the remainder of the gathering, but it is preferred to do so (more than once).” [12]
3. The statement of the Prophet ﷺ: ❝except it will be a source of remorse for them❞, the explanation of the word “Tirah” means remorse or deprivation. This was explained in the previous Hadeeth.
4. The statement of the Prophet ﷺ: ❝If He تعالى wills, He will punish them❞, for not remembering their Lord nor sending Ṣalaah upon their Prophet. Al-Qaaree رحمه الله said: “Meaning: for their past sins and future shortcomings. Al-Ṭeebee said: “The Prophet’s ﷺ statement: ❝If He تعالى wills, He will punish them❞, this is in terms of emphasis and severity.” It may be referring to what came out of the people in the gathering that requires punishment because of what their tongues had spoken.” [13]
Shaikh al-Islaam, Ibn Taymiyyah رحمه الله said: “Those who commit Major Sins are under the Will of Allaah when they die. If He تعالى Wills, He will punish them (for a certain time), and then He will forgive them; and if He تعالى Wills, He will forgive them without punishing them.” [14]
5. The statement of the Prophet ﷺ: ❝and if He wills, He will forgive them❞; this is a favor from Allaah and His Mercy to them.
Al-Qaaree رحمه الله said: “It indicates that if they remember Allaah, He تعالى will not punish them inevitably, but will certainly forgive them.” [15]
6. In the other Ḥadeeth, the statement of the Prophet ﷺ: ❝except that it will be a cause of regret for them on the Day of Resurrection, even if they (are granted permission to) enter Paradise❞; Even though these people will be granted entrance into Jannah because of their other good deeds, they will still regret it on the Day of Judgment when they will see the rewards that will be given out to those who remembered Allaah and reminded other about Allaah in the gatherings and send prayers upon the Prophet ﷺ. They will regret the opportunities they missed out on in this world.
Al-Manaawee رحمه الله said: “The meaning of the statement of the Prophet ﷺ: ❝even if they (are granted permission to) enter Paradise❞, i.e., even if they are destined to enter Paradise. This regret will come only before entering Paradise, and there is no reason to assume otherwise because there is no regret or remorse after entering Paradise and nothing to ruin the joy.” [16]
7. The statement of the Prophet ﷺ: ❝except that this gathering of theirs❞, every gathering - social or virtual - that a person attends will either be a source of joy or regret for him on the Day of Resurrection. If it is a gathering where Allaah is mentioned and His religion is taught, then this will be a source of immense joy for the people on that Day. But if it is a gathering where Shirk is done or Allaah’s religion is ridiculed, or social events like weddings where there is music and intermingling of opposite genders, or where there is backbiting, slandering, and belittling people, then such gathering will be a source of great regret for the people.
8. The statement of the Prophet ﷺ: ❝and no person walks a path❞; these Aḥaadeeth emphasize the importance of remembering Allaah in gatherings, while walking, before going to bed, etc. And Allaah تعالى said:
فَإِذَا قَضَيْتُمُ الصَّلَاةَ فَاذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ
قِيَامًا وَقُعُودًا وَعَلَىٰ جُنُوبِكُمْ
{And when you have completed al-Ṣalaah (prayer), remember Allaah standing, sitting, or (lying) on your sides.} [17]
From this, we learn that we should try our best to remember Allaah at every moment of our lives: before going to bed, after waking up, in the morning, in the evening, while sitting, standing, walking, after the prayers, on the way to work, in gatherings, in seclusions, etc.
قُلْ إِنَّ صَلَاتِي وَنُسُكِي وَمَحْيَايَ وَمَمَاتِي
لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
{Say, "Indeed, my prayer, my rites of sacrifice, my living and my dying are for Allaah, Lord of the worlds.} [18]
In seclusion and while walking, a person remembers Allaah and ponders over the Aayaat (Verses and Signs of Allaah), praises Him, and seeks His forgiveness:
الَّذِينَ يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ قِيَامًا وَقُعُودًا
وَعَلَىٰ جُنُوبِهِمْ وَيَتَفَكَّرُونَ فِي خَلْقِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ
رَبَّنَا مَا خَلَقْتَ هَٰذَا بَاطِلًا سُبْحَانَكَ فَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ
{Those who remember Allaah while standing, sitting, and lying down on their sides, and give thought to the creation of the heavens and the earth, (saying): “Our Lord! You have not created (all) this without purpose. Glory to You! (Exalted be You above all that they associate with You as partners). Give us salvation from the torment of the Fire.} [19]
In the gatherings, the person remembers Allaah and reminds others about Allaah. For example, he reminds them it is time for prayer, stops them from backbiting, or corrects their mistakes. As Allaah تعالى mentioned in the Qur’aan:
وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَ الَّذِينَ
يَخُوضُونَ فِي آيَاتِنَا فَأَعْرِضْ عَنْهُمْ حَتَّىٰ يَخُوضُوا فِي حَدِيثٍ
غَيْرِهِ ۚ وَإِمَّا يُنسِيَنَّكَ الشَّيْطَانُ فَلَا تَقْعُدْ بَعْدَ الذِّكْرَىٰ
مَعَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ * وَمَا عَلَى الَّذِينَ يَتَّقُونَ مِنْ حِسَابِهِم
مِّن شَيْءٍ وَلَٰكِن ذِكْرَىٰ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَّقُونَ
{And when you see those who engage in (offensive) discourse concerning Our Aayaat, then turn away from them until they enter into another conversation. And if Shaitaan should cause you to forget, then - after the recollection - do not remain with the wrongdoing people. And those who fear Allaah are not held accountable for them in any case, but (their duty) is to remind them, that they may fear Him} [20]
Third: Lessons learned from this Ḥadeeth:
1. In this Ḥadeeth, there is a description of Allaah’s Might and Power, i.e., He تعالى does what He intends. He تعالى may punish the creation because of their sins, or He تعالى may bestow His Mercy on them, and none can repel His Favor, and none can push away His Judgment. As Allaah تعالى said:
لَا يُسْأَلُ عَمَّا يَفْعَلُ
وَهُمْ يُسْأَلُونَ
{He will not be questioned about what He does, but they will be questioned.} [21]
2. Al-Ṭeebee رحمه الله said: “This is especially regarding the gatherings where people talk about worldly matters, and there are slip-ups and blunders. So, if Allaah’s Name is not mentioned, this will be a source of regret for the people.” [22]
3. Also, in this, there is a warning against being negligent in sending prayers upon the Prophet ﷺ. Al-San`aanee رحمه الله said: “The Ḥadeeth is evidence of the obligation of remembering Allaah and sending prayers upon the Prophet ﷺ in a gathering, especially since the word “Tirah” can be interpreted as Fire or torment, as it has been interpreted as both of them. Torment is not prescribed except for neglecting an obligation or doing something forbidden. The apparent meaning is that it is obligatory to remember Allaah and send blessings upon the Prophet ﷺ simultaneously. The places (or times) in which it has been prescribed to send prayers upon the Prophet ﷺ have been enumerated, and they have reached up to forty-six places.” [23]
4. Shaikh Ibn al-`Uthaymeen رحمه الله said: “These Aḥaadeeth are related to the etiquette of sitting in a gathering. They all point to the fact that one should use every sitting of his to remember Allaah and seek His blessings on the Prophet ﷺ. This is because no group of people will attend a sitting without remembering Allaah or seeking blessings on the Prophet ﷺ therein, except that loss from Allaah will be their portion. He تعالى may forgive them if He Wills, or He may punish them if He Wills.
The remembrance of Allaah could take several forms; for example, if one of those present in a gathering talks about one of the Signs of Allaah, this is a form of remembrance of Allaah. If he said, for example: ‘We (are in winter), yet we are experiencing warmth these days as if we are in spring, this is among the signs of Allaah. We are in winter, which is known for extreme cold, and despite that, we still experience warmth. This is a sign of Allaah.’ He could also say, for example: ‘Should all of the creation gather together in order to change this weather which used to be cold, they will not be able to do so,’ and other similar statements.
He could mention one of the characteristics of the Prophet ﷺ; he says, for example: ‘The Prophet ﷺ is the most fearful of and the most devout to Allaah.’ Thus, he mentions the Messenger of Allaah ﷺ and then seeks Allaah’s blessing on him. When the audience listens to such, they will have the same reward. This is a form of remembrance of Allaah and seeking blessing on the Messenger ﷺ.
If he wills, he may mention Allaah in the beginning by saying: ‘Maa shaa-Allaah (As Allaah wills),’ ‘Laa quwwata illaa billaah (There is no might save with Allaah)’ ‘Laa ilaaha illallaah (There is no one worthy of worship except Allaah),’ and so on. In essence, a sensible person should know how to remember Allaah and how to seek Allaah’s blessings for the Prophet ﷺ in the gatherings.
Another form of remembrance is to say before getting up from the sitting: ‘Subḥaanak-Allaahumma wabi ḥamdika, ashhadu allaa ilaaha illaa anta, astaghfiruka wa atoobu ilayk - (meaning: O Allaah! You are free from every imperfection; praise be to You, I ask Your pardon and turn to You in repentance).’
There is evidence in these Aḥaadeeth that a person should not sit in a gathering, recline, or lay down except that he remembers Allaah. This way, he would be amongst those whom Allaah talked about when He تعالى said:
الَّذِينَ يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ قِيَامًا وَقُعُودًا
وَعَلَىٰ جُنُوبِهِمْ
{Those who remember Allaah while standing, sitting, and
lying down} [24] [25]
FOOTNOTES:
[1] Sunan al-Tirmidhee (3380), Musnad Aḥmad (9843, 10244,
10277, 10278), and graded as “Ṣaḥeeḥ” by Shaikh al-Albaanee. See al-Ṣaḥeeḥah
(74)
[2] A brief biography of Abu Hurairah was already mentioned
in Hadeeth No. 3 under “Explanation”.
[3] Sunan al-Tirmidhee, Book No. 48, Book on Supplication,
Chapter (8), What has been related about the group that sits in a gathering and
they do not remember Allaah, Hadeeth No. 3380, and graded as “Ṣaḥeeḥ” by Shaikh
al-Albaanee. See al-Ṣaḥeeḥah (74)
[4] Musnad Aḥmad (9965), Ṣaḥeeḥ Ibn Ḥibbaan (591, 592), and
graded as “Ṣaḥeeḥ” by Shaikh al-Albaanee in al-Ṣaḥeeḥah (76). The verifiers of
Musnad Aḥmad also graded this Hadeeth as: “Ṣaḥeeḥ as per the conditions of
al-Bukharee and Muslim”. Also reported by al-Nasaa’ee in Sunan al-Kubraa
(10170, 10171) and `Amal al-Yaum wal-Laylah (409, 410) from the Hadeeth of Abu
Sa`eed al-Khudree رضي الله عنه, and graded as “Ṣaḥeeḥ”
by Shaikh Muqbil in al-Ṣaḥeeḥ al-Musnad (395, 1328), and al-Jaami` al-Ṣaḥeeḥ
(556, 1635, 3589, 4255)
[5] Musnad Aḥmad (9764), Ṣaḥeeḥ Ibn Ḥibbaan (590), and
graded as “Ṣaḥeeḥ” by Shaikh al-Albaanee. A similar narration has been narrated
from `Abdullaah Ibn Mughaffal رضي الله عنه and graded as “Ṣaḥeeḥ
li Ghairihee” by Shaikh al-Albaanee in al-Ṣaḥeeḥah (2557).
[6] Musnad Aḥmad (7093), and graded as “Ḥasan” by Shaikh
al-Albaanee in al-Ṣaḥeeḥah (80).
[7] Musnad Aḥmad (9583), and graded as “Ṣaḥeeḥ li Ghairihee”
by Shaikh al-Albaanee. See al-Ṣaḥeeḥah (79). The verifiers of Musnad Aḥmad also
graded this Ḥadeeth as “Ṣaḥeeḥ”.
[8] Jaami` al-`Uloom wal-Ḥikam (1/371)
[9] Surah al-Ahzaab (33):56
[10] Ṣaḥeeḥ al-Bukhaaree (6/120)
[11] Sunan al-Tirmidhee (485)
[12] Tuḥfatul Aḥwadhee of al-Mubaarakpooree (9/373)
[13] Marqaat al-Mafaateeḥ Sharḥ Mishkaat al-Maṣaabeeḥ
(5/157)
[14] Majmoo` al-Fataawa (6/175)
[15] Marqaat al-Mafaateeḥ Sharḥ Mishkaat al-Maṣaabeeḥ
(5/157)
[16] Faiḍh al-Qadeer Sharḥ al-Jaami` al-Ṣagheer (5/408)
[17] Surah al-Nisaa (4):103
[18] Surah al-An`aam (6):162
[19] Surah aal-`Imraan (3):191
[20] Surah al-An`aam (6): 68-69
[21] Surah al-Anbiyaa (21): 23
[22] Sharḥ al-Mishkaah of al-Ṭeebee
[23] Subul al-Salaam of al-San`aanee (2/701). Ibn al-Qayyim رحمه الله has listed all these
places in his book: “جلاء الأفهام في فضل الصلاة والسلام على
خير الأنام”. This will be further discussed in the coming chapters later
in this book. إن شاء الله
[24] Surah aal-`Imraan (3):191
[25] Sharḥ Riyaaḍh Ṣaaliḥeen of Shaikh Ibn al-`Uthaymeen (4/367-368)
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