Al-Sidq (Truthfulness):
Allaah تعالى said:
بـسـم الله والحـمـد لله والـصلاة والـسـلام عــلى رسـول الله، وبـعـد
Allaah تعالى said:
﴿يَا
أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَكُونُوا مَعَ الصَّادِقِينَ﴾
{O you who Believe! Fear Allaah,
and be with those who are true (in words and deeds).} [Surah
al-Tawbah (9): 119]
He تعالى
also said:
﴿وَالصَّادِقِينَ
وَالصَّادِقَات﴾
{the truthful men and truthful women} [Surah
al-Ahzaab (33): 35]
He تعالى
also said:
﴿فَلَوْ
صَدَقُوا اللَّهَ لَكَانَ خَيْراً لَهُمْ﴾
{if they had been true to
Allaah, it would have been better for them} [Surah Muhammad (47):
21]
Shaikh al-`Uthaymeen رحمه الله said:
The
author (Imaam al-Nawawi) رحمه الله named the chapter: Honesty.
Honesty:
The original meaning is: to comply with actual news (or event). And it is about
the news/information that is being conveyed. So if one communicates news about
something and this news is in accordance with the actual event then, it is
said: “it is true”. Example: (if it is Sunday) and the person says: Today is
Sunday. Then this news is true because the day is Sunday. But if someone says
it is Monday, then this news is false.
So
if the news is in accordance with the actual incident then it is true; and when
it opposes the incident then it is false. Truthfulness can be in speech as well
as in actions.
Truthfulness
in actions: It is when the internal (feeling) of a person is similar to his
outer (reaction); so that if he does something, then it should be in accordance
with what is in his heart.
Example:
The show-off is not truthful, because he pretends in front of the people to be
religious whereas he is not.
The
Mushrik (the one who associates partners) with Allaah is not truthful, because
he pretends to be upon Tawheed whereas he is not.
The
hypocrite is not truthful because he pretends to have faith whereas he is not a
believer.
The
Mubtadi` (the innovator in religion) is not truthful because he pretends to be
following (the Sunnah of) the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم
whereas he is not a follower.
The
important thing (to understand) is that truthfulness is in accordance with the
actual event, and it is one of the characteristics of the Believers. And its
opposite is falsehood, and it is one of the characteristics of the hypocrites –
and Allaah’s refuge is sought.
The author then mentioned the verses in this regards:
﴿يَا
أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَكُونُوا مَعَ الصَّادِقِينَ﴾
{O you who Believe! Fear Allaah,
and be with those who are true (in words and deeds).} [Surah
al-Tawbah (9): 119]
This verse was revealed after mentioning the story of the
three (companion) who were left behind (i.e. judgment was delayed in their
case), because they did not join the Tabook expedition and one of the three was
Ka`b bin Maalik رضي الله عنه.
These three, when the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم returned from the Tabook expedition, these three did not join
the expedition without any excuse. They informed the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم that they have no excuse (for not joining the expedition) so
the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم left them (and did not give decision about
their case).
The meaning of
﴿وَعَلَى
الثَّلاثَةِ الَّذِينَ خُلِّفُوا﴾
{And the three [who did
not join the Tabook expedition (whom the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم)] left}
i.e. abandoned; their case was left undecided. When the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم came back from the Tabook expedition, the hypocrites came to
him presenting their excuses and swearing by Allaah that they had a genuine
excuse. So about them Allaah تعالى revealed these verses:
﴿سَيَحْلِفُونَ
بِاللَّـهِ لَكُمْ إِذَا انقَلَبْتُمْ إِلَيْهِمْ لِتُعْرِضُوا عَنْهُمْ ۖ فَأَعْرِضُوا عَنْهُمْ ۖ إِنَّهُمْ رِجْسٌ ۖ
وَمَأْوَاهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ جَزَاءً بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ *
يَحْلِفُونَ لَكُمْ لِتَرْضَوْا عَنْهُمْ ۖ
فَإِن تَرْضَوْا عَنْهُمْ فَإِنَّ اللَّـهَ لَا يَرْضَىٰ عَنِ الْقَوْمِ
الْفَاسِقِينَ﴾
{They will swear by Allaah
to you (Muslims) when you return to them, that you may turn away from them. So
turn away from them. Surely, they are Rijs [i.e. Najas (impure) because of
their evil deeds], and Hell is their dwelling place, - a recompense for that
which they used to earn. * They (the hypocrites) swear to you (Muslims) that
you may be pleased with them, but if you are pleased with them, certainly Allaah
is not pleased with the people who are al-Faasiqoon (rebellious, disobedient to
Allaah).} [Surah al-Tawbah (9): 95-96]
But as for these three, they spoke the truth to the
Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم and informed him the truth that they
remained behind without any genuine excuse.
So the Prophet صلى
الله عليه وسلم left them
(without deciding their case) for fifty nights {till
for them the earth, vast as it is, was straitened and their ownselves were
straitened to them, and they perceived that there is no fleeing from Allah, and
no refuge but with Him.} [Surah al-Tawbah (9): 118]
Then Allaah تعالى revealed about accepting their repentance.
He تعالى thereafter said:
﴿يَا
أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَكُونُوا مَعَ الصَّادِقِينَ﴾
{O you who Believe! Fear Allaah,
and be with those who are true (in words and deeds).} [Surah
al-Tawbah (9): 119]
Allaah تعالى commanded the Believers, that they should
fear Allaah and that they should be with the truthful and not with the liars.
And Allaah تعالى said:
﴿وَالصَّادِقِينَ
وَالصَّادِقَات﴾
{the truthful men and truthful women} [Surah
al-Ahzaab (33): 35]
This is part of a long verse which Allaah تعالى mentioned in Surah al-Ahzaab and it begins with:
﴿إِنَّ
الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَالْمُسْلِمَاتِ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ﴾
{Indeed, the Muslim men
and Muslim women, the believing men and believing women…}
and includes
﴿وَالصَّادِقِينَ
وَالصَّادِقَات﴾
{the truthful men and truthful women}
till the saying of Allaah تعالى
﴿أَعَدَّ
اللَّهُ لَهُمْ مَغْفِرَةً وَأَجْراً عَظِيماً﴾
{for them Allah has prepared forgiveness and a great
reward} [Surah al-Ahzaab (33): 35]
Allaah تعالى mentioned the truthful men and truthful
women with praise and mentioned the great reward that they will receive.
And the saying of Allaah تعالى:
﴿فَلَوْ
صَدَقُوا اللَّهَ لَكَانَ خَيْراً لَهُمْ﴾
{if they had been true to
Allaah, it would have been better for them} [Surah Muhammad (47):
21] meaning: Had they been true with their actions to Allaah, it would have
been better for them. But instead, they acted with falsehood with Allaah, they
turned hypocrites, showing (with their actions) the opposite of that which was
in their hearts. They (also) acted with falsehood with the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم, demonstrating that they were following him, but (in reality)
they were opposing him. So had they been true to Allaah with their hearts,
actions and speech it would have been better for them. But they acted with
falsehood and it was bad for them.
And Allaah تعالى said:
﴿لِيَجْزِيَ
اللَّهُ الصَّادِقِينَ بِصِدْقِهِمْ وَيُعَذِّبَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ إِنْ شَاءَ أَوْ
يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ﴾
{That Allaah may reward
the truthful for their truth and punish the hypocrites if He wills or accept
their repentance} [Surah al-Ahzaab (33): 24]
In the saying of Allaah تعالى:
{That Allaah may reward the truthful for their
truth} is evidence that Truthfulness is a great thing for which
there is a great reward from Allaah سبحانه
وتعالى.
Therefore it is necessary that we should speak the truth
and to be with the truthful and that we should be frank and that we should not
hide the matter from others either through flattery or exaggeration.
Many people, when something (wrong) happens due to what
they did and which they did not wanted to happen, will lie and say: “I did not
do it.”
Why?! Are you ashamed of the creation, while waging (war)
against the Creator with your lies?! Speak the truth and let no one deter you
from it. If you make yourself accustomed to speaking the truth, you will in the
future rectify your affairs. But if you tell a lie, you become (the one) who
hid (the truth) from the people and lied to them and you will keep on
continuing in your error. But if you speak the truth you amend your (life)
journey and your (rectify) your approach.
Therefore upon you is to stick to the truth whether it is
for you or against you, till you become one of the truthful, about whom Allaah تعالى commanded you to be with:
﴿يَا
أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَكُونُوا مَعَ الصَّادِقِينَ﴾
{O you who Believe! Fear Allaah,
and be with those who are true (in words and deeds).} [Surah
al-Tawbah (9): 119]
[Sharh Riyaadh al-Saaliheen (1/289-292)]
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