بـسـم الله والحـمـد لله والـصلاة والـسـلام عــلى رسـول الله، وبـعـد
HIS NAME
The Imaam, the Mujaahid, the
Muftee of al-Madeenah, Sa`d bin Maalik bin Sinaan bin Tha`labah bin `Ubaid bin
al-Abjar bin `Auf bin al-Haarith bin al-Khazraj. He is more famous with his
Kunya (nickname): Abu Sa`eed al-Khudree.
And Abu Sa`eed’s brother, from the same mother,
is Qataadah bin al-Nou`maan al-Dhifree, one of those who participated in the
battle of Badr.
HIS YOUNG AGE
Sa`d’s (Abu Sa`eed’s) father, Maalik, was
martyred in the battle of `Uhud. Abu Sa`eed could not participate in the battle
of `Uhud because of his young age. Abu Sa`eed later participated in the battle
of al-Khandaq as well as the Pledge of al-Ridhwaan (i.e. the treaty of
al-Hudaybiyah).
On the authority of `Abdul Rahmaan bin Abee
Sa`eed that his father said: On the day of Uhud, I offered myself to
(participate in the battle) in front of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم, and I was at that time
only 13 years old. My father grabbed me by the hand and said: O Messenger of
Allaah صلى الله عليه وسلم! He has thick bones (i.e.
he is strong). The Prophet صلى
الله عليه وسلم glanced at me and said: “Send him back”. So they send me back.
HIS KNOWLEDGE
He narrated many narrations from the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم, as well as from Abu
Bakr, `Umar, `Uthmaan, `Alee, Zaid bin Thabit, as well as from other
companions. He was one of the jurists from amongst the companions.
From the companions who reported from him are:
Ibn `Umar, Ibn `Abbaas, Jaabir, Anas, and others. From the Tabi`een who
reported from him are: Sa`eed bin al-Musayyib, Abu `Uthmaan al-Nahdi, Taariq
bin Shihaab, `Ubaid bin `Umayr. And other than them, the other Tabi`een who
reported from him are: Mujaahid, Aamir
bin Sa`d, `Amr bin Saleem, Hasan al-Basree, his own son `Abdul Rahmaan bin Abee
Sa`eed al-Khudree and many others. He was one of the 7 companions who narrated the most Ahaadeeth.
Hanzalah bin Abi Sufyaan reported his teachers
that Abu Sa`eed was one of those companions who learned the most Ahaadeeth. In
another narration he said: There was no one, from among the companions of the
Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم, who had more better understanding
than Abu Sa`eed.
Al-Khateeb (al-Baghdaadee) said: He (Abu
Sa`eed) was one of the best companions, and he memorized many Ahaadeeth.
Narrated
Abu Saalih Az-Zaiyat: I heard Abu Sa`eed Al-Khudree saying, “The selling of a
Dinar for a Dinar, and a Dirham for a Dirham (is permissible).” I said to him, “Ibn
'Abbas does not say the same.” Abu Sa`eed replied, “I asked Ibn `Abbaas whether
he had heard it from the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم or
seen it in the Book of Allaah (i.e. al-Qur’aan)?” Ibn `Abbaas replied, "I
do not claim that, and you know Allaah's Apostle صلى الله عليه
وسلم better
than I, but Usaamah informed me that the Prophet صلى الله عليه
وسلم had
said, “There is no Riba (in money exchange) except
when it is not done from hand to hand (i.e. when there is delay in payment).””
[Saheeh al-Bukhaaree (2069)]
Yahya ibn Subayh said: `Ammaar
the freed slave of al-Haarith ibn Nawfal told me that he attended the funeral
of Umm Kulthoom, and her son. The body of the boy was placed near the imaam. I objected
to it. Among the people there were Ibn `Abbaas, Abu Sa`eed al-Khudree, Abu Qataadah
and Abu Hurairah. They said: This is the Sunnah (established practice of the
Prophet). [Abu Dawood (3193) and authenticated by Shaikh al-Albaanee. And in “al-Ahkaam
al-Janaaiz” he said, it is as per the condition of Imaam Muslim]
Abu
Moosa asked `Umar to admit him but he was not admitted as `Umar was busy, so
Abu Moosa went back. When `Umar finished his job, he said: “Didn't I hear the
voice of `Abdullah bin Qais? Let him come in.” `Umar was told that he had left.
So, he sent for him and on his arrival, he (Abu Moosa) said, "We were
ordered to do so (i.e. to leave if not admitted after asking permission
thrice). `Umar told him, “Bring witness in proof of your statement.” Abu Moosa went
to the Ansaar’s meeting places and asked them. They said, “None amongst us will
give this witness except the youngest of us, Abu Sa`eed Al-Khudree.” Abu Moosa then
took Abu Sa`eed Al-Khudree (to `Umar) and `Umar said, surprisingly, “Has this
order of Allaah's Apostle been hidden from me?” (Then he added), “I used to be
busy trading in markets.” [Saheeh al-Bukhaaree (1956)]
`Aqeel bin Mudrak narrated on
the authority of Abu Sa`eed al-Khudree that a person came to him and said:
“Advise me.” So he said: “You have asked me the same thing which I had asked
the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم before you.” (The Prophet
صلى الله عليه وسلم said): “Upon you is the Taqwaa of Allaah (i.e.
God-consciousness), for it is head of every matter. And upon you is Jihaad, for
it is the asceticism of Islaam. Upon you is the remembrance of Allaah and the
recitation of al-Qur’aan, for it is (a means) of pleasing the inhabitants of
the heavens (i.e. the Angels and they will pray for your forgiveness) and (a
means) for you being remembered (in good terms) amongst the inhabitants of the
earth.” [Musnad Ahmad (3/82), and Shaikh al-Albaanee said in
“al-Saheehah” (555): by combining all the narrations, it is reaches the level
of “Hasan” (good)]
Narrated Abu Sa`eed al-Khudree:
I was sitting in the company of the poor members of the emigrants. Some of them
were sitting together because of lack of clothing while a reader was reciting
to us. All of a sudden the Apostle of Allaah صلى الله عليه وسلم came
along and stood beside us. When the Apostle of Allaah صلى الله عليه وسلم stood, the reader stopped and greeted him. He asked: “What were you doing?” We said: Apostle of Allaah
صلى الله عليه وسلم! We had a reader who was reciting to us
and we were listening to the Book of Allaah, the Exalted. The Apostle of Allaah
صلى الله عليه وسلم then said: “Praise
be to Allaah Who has put among my people those with whom I have been ordered to
stay.” The Apostle of Allaah صلى الله عليه وسلم then sat
among us so as to be like one of us, and when he had made a sign with his hand
they sat in a circle with their faces turned towards him. The narrator said: I
think that the Apostle of Allaah صلى الله عليه وسلم did not
recognize any of them except me. The Apostle of Allaah صلى الله عليه وسلم then
said: “Rejoice, you group of poor emigrants, in
the announcement that you will have perfect light on the Day of Resurrection.
You will enter Paradise half a day before the rich, and that is five hundred
years.” [Sunan Abu Dawood (3666) but was graded “Dha`eef” (weak) by
Shaikh al-Albaanee with these wordings. Anyway, the part that the poor will enter
the Jannah 500 years earlier than the rich is “Saheeh” as reported by
al-Tirmidhee (2354) and Ibn Majah (3343)]
`Abdullaah bin `Umar reported that Wahab bin
Kaisaan said: I saw Abu Sa`eed al-Khudree wearing a dress made of fur.
`Uthmaan bin `Ubaidullaah bin Abi Rafi` said: I
saw Abu Sa`eed trimming his mustache (to the extend) like shaving it.
HIS
DEATH
Al-Waaqidee and others said: Abu Sa`eed died in
the year 74 Hijri.
And others said: He died in the year 64 Hijri.
Al-`Askaree said: He died in the year 63 Hijri.
Baqee bin Mukhlad in his
“Musnad al-Kabeer” reported 1170 Ahaadeeth from Abu Sa`eed al-Khudree.
Al-Bukhaaree and Muslim agreed upon 43 Ahaadeeth. Al-Bukhaaree individually
reported 16 Ahaadeeth, and Muslim individually reported 52 Ahaadeeth.
References:
الإصابة في تمييز الصحابة – لإبن الحجر الأسقلاني
أسد الغابة في معرفة الصحابة – لإبن الأثير
الاستيعاب في معرفة الأصحاب -
لإبن عبد البر
سير اعلام النبلاء – إمام الذهبي
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