Hypocrisy,
like Kufr and Shirk, has different levels and grades, which may take a person
out of Islaam and which may not.
Hypocrisy
is of two types: Major and Minor.
1) Major hypocrisy or hypocrisy in
belief takes a person out of
Islaam, and not only makes him a permanent inhabitant of the Hell-Fire but also
the inhabitant of the lowest level in Hell. [See Surah al-Nisaa (4): 145] They
are the ones who hide their Kufr inside their hearts while they outwardly
pretend to be Muslims, through their speech and actions.
Such
hypocrites, we can never know about them for sure, we accept them on their face
value as we have not been given the ability to know what is in their hearts.
Only Allaah knows about them and what they conceal.
2) Minor hypocrisy or hypocrisy of
the actions does not take a person
out of Islaam. He might believe in his heart but he does the actions of a
hypocrite. If Allaah wills, He might punish him or forgive him. If he is
punished, like other sinners he will not be in the Hell-Fire forever, and he
might be taken out of the Hell-Fire through the intercessions of those who will
be allowed to intercede on the Day of Judgment, by Allaah’s Permission.
This
type of hypocrisy is a precursor for the Major hypocrisy. The one who persists
in Minor hypocrisy and it becomes his habit then it is feared for him that he
will soon fall into Major hypocrisy. From the signs of Minor hypocrisy is:
lying, deceiving, using profanity, etc.
There
are many Aayaat and Ahaadeeth describing the characteristics of the hypocrites.
One Hadeeth which sums this up is:
Narrated
`Abdullaah Ibn `Amr رضي الله عنهما:
The Prophet ﷺ said: ❝Whoever has the following four
(characteristics) will be a pure hypocrite and whoever has one of the following
four characteristics will have one characteristic of hypocrisy unless and until
he gives it up.
1. Whenever he is
entrusted, he betrays.
2. Whenever he
speaks, he tells a lie.
3. Whenever he
makes a covenant, he proves treacherous.
4. Whenever he
quarrels, he behaves in a very imprudent, evil, and insulting manner.❞
[Saheeh
al-Bukhaaree and Saheeh Muslim]
We
cannot judge what is in a person’s heart, but we can judge him through his
actions:
Narrated
`Umar bin Al-Khattaab رضي الله عنه:
❝People
were (sometimes) judged by the revealing of a Divine Inspiration during the lifetime of Allaah's Messenger ﷺ but now there is no
longer any more (new revelation). Now we judge you by the deeds you practice
publicly, so we will trust and favor the one who does good deeds in front of
us, and we will not call him to account about what he is really doing in secret, for Allaah will judge him for that; but we will not trust or believe
the one who presents to us with an evil deed even if he claims that his
intentions were good.❞
[Saheeh
al-Bukhaaree (2460)]
Narrated
Anas bin Maalik رضي الله عنه: A funeral procession
passed and the people praised the deceased. The Prophet ﷺ said: ❝It has been
affirmed to him.❞
Then another funeral procession passed and the people spoke badly of the
deceased. The Prophet ﷺ said: ❝It has been affirmed to him.❞ `Umar Ibn
al-Khattaab asked (Allaah’s Messenger ﷺ):
“What has been affirmed?” He ﷺ replied: ❝You’ve praised this, so Paradise has been
affirmed to him, and you spoke badly of this, so Hell has been affirmed to him.
You people are Allaah’s witnesses on earth.❞
[Saheeh
al-Bukhaaree (1367, 2642), and from the narration of `Umar (1368, 2643)]
WE DO NOT JUDGE THE INTENTIONS, WE JUDGE THE ACTIONS!
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