بـسـم الله والحـمـد لله والـصلاة والـسـلام عــلى رسـول الله، وبـعـد
All praise be to Allaah, Lord of the
Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon His best of Messengers,
Prophet Mohamed صلى
الله عليه وسلم and his family and his wives and companions
and those who follow them in truth till the Day of Judgment.
The following is the English translation of the treatise:
يشركون وهم لا يعلمون. The purpose of this is to present
to the readers a very brief explanation of Tawheed and its categories,
and Shirk, its categories and what leads towards it so that it becomes a
means of protecting oneself.
Can a Muslim
commit shirk while he is unaware??!
Allaah تعالى said:
{وَمَا يُؤْمِنُ أَكْثَرُهُمْ بِاللّهِ إِلاَّ وَهُم مُّشْرِكُونَ}
{And most
of them believe not in Allaah except that they also commit shirk (attribute
partners to Him)} [Surah Yusuf (12): 106]
And Allaah تعالى said:
{الَّذِينَ
آمَنُواْ وَلَمْ يَلْبِسُواْ إِيمَانَهُم بِظُلْمٍ أُوْلَـئِكَ لَهُمُ الأَمْنُ
وَهُم مُّهْتَدُونَ}
{It is
those who believe (in the Oneness of Allaah and worship none but Him Alone) and
confuse not their Belief with Zulm (wrong, i.e. by worshipping others
besides Allaah), for them (only) there is security and they are the guided.}
[Surah al-An`aam (6): 82]
The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم interpreted
“Dhulm” as Shirk.
Narrated Abu Waaqid al-Laythi رضي الله عنه: When Allaah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم went out to the battle
of Hunain he passed a tree called Dhaat Anwaat belonging
to the polytheists, on which they hung their weapons. The people asked him to
appoint Dhaat Anwaat for them just as those people had one, to which
Allaah's Messenger صلى
الله عليه وسلم replied:
لله أكبر، إنها السنن، قلتم
والذي نفسي بيده كما قالت بنو إسرائيل لموسى اجعل لنا إلها كما لهم آلهة لتركبن
سنن من كان قبلكم
“Glory be
to Allaah! This is like what the people of Moses said when they asked him to
appoint them a god just as other people had gods. By Him
in Whose hand my soul is, you will certainly follow the practices of
your predecessors.” [Musnad of Imaam Ahmad (21897, 21900), al-Tirmidhee
(2180), Ibn Hibbaan (6702), and graded as “Saheeh”
by Shaikh al-Albaanee]
Abu Moosaa رضي الله عنه said: One day Allaah's Messenger
صلى الله عليه وسلم delivered a sermon
saying:
أيها الناس، اتقوا هذا الشرك، فإنه
أخفى من دبيب النمل
“O people! Fear
Shirk for it is more hidden than the creeping of an ant.”
Those whom Allaah wished asked: “And how do we avoid it when it is more hidden
than the creeping of an ant, O Messenger of Allaah?” He صلى الله عليه وسلم replied:
قولوا اللهم إنا نعوذ بك أن نشرك
بك شيئاً نعلمه، ونستغفرك لما لا نعلمه
“Say:
‘Allaahumma Innaa na'oodhu bika an nushrika bika shay'an na'lamuh, wa
nastaghfiruka limaa laa na'lamuh (O
Allaah, we seek refuge in you from knowingly committing shirk with you and we
ask your forgiveness for what we do not know about).’”
[Musnad Ahmad (19606) and it is Da`eef from this Chain. And also reported by
Imaam al-Bukhaaree in al-Adab al-Mufrad (716) on the authority of Abu Bakr رضي الله عنه and graded as “Saheeh” by
Shaikh al-Albaanee]
Can anyone
amongst the Muslims become a Mushrik??!
The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
لا تقوم الساعة حتى تلحق قبائل
من أمتي بالمشركين، وحتى يعبدوا الأوثان
“The Last
Hour will not come until some groups of my nation attach themselves to the
polytheists and some of my people worship idols.”
[Musnad Ahmad (22452), Abu Dawood (4252) and al-Tirmidhee (2219) and graded as
“Saheeh” by Shaikh al-Albaanee]
The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
لا تقوم الساعة حتى تضطرب آليات
نساء دوس حول ذي الخلصة
“The Last
Hour will not come until women from the Daws tribe wiggle
their buttocks (as they circumambulate) around the temple of the idol
al-Khalasah.” [Saheeh al-Bukhaaree (7116) and Saheeh Muslim (6944)]
(al-Khalasah) was an idol which the people of “Daws” used
to worship in the days of ignorance.
Narrated `Aaishah رضي الله عنها: I heard Allaah’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم saying:
لَا يَذْهَبُ اللَّيْلُ وَالنَّهَارُ
حَتَّى تُعْبَدَ اللَّاتُ وَالْعُزَّى
“The
(system) of night and day would not end until the people have taken to the
worship of Laat and `Uzza (the two pagan gods from
the Jaahiliyah).” I said: Allaah’s Messenger
صلى الله عليه وسلم I think when Allaah has
revealed this verse:
{هُوَ الَّذِي
أَرْسَلَ رَسُولَهُ بِالْهُدَى وَدِينِ الْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ
وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ}
{He it is
Who has sent His Messenger with right guidance, and true religion, so that He
may cause it to prevail upon all religions, though the polytheists are averse
(to it)} [Surah al-Tawbah (9): 33], it implies that (this
promise) is going to be fulfilled. Thereupon he صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
إِنَّهُ سَيَكُونُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا
شَاءَ اللهُ، ثُمَّ يَبْعَثُ اللهُ رِيحًا طَيِّبَةً، فَتَوَفَّى كُلَّ مَنْ فِي قَلْبِهِ
مِثْقَالُ حَبَّةِ خَرْدَلٍ مِنْ إِيمَانٍ، فَيَبْقَى مَنْ لَا خَيْرَ فِيهِ، فَيَرْجِعُونَ
إِلَى دِينِ آبَائِهِمْ
“It would
happen as Allaah would like. Then Allaah would send the sweet fragrant air by
which everyone who has even a mustard grain of faith in Him would die and those
only would survive who would have no goodness in them. And they would revert to
the religion of their forefathers.” [Saheeh Muslim (6945)]
Know, (Allaah have mercy on you), that the most important
of obligations and the greatest of duties which Allaah has enjoined upon us is:
To Learn Tawheed and to act upon it; and to know what Shirk is and to get rid
of it.
What is
Tawheed??
Tawheed:
It is to single out Allaah in Worship (al-Uloohiyyah), Lordship (al-Ruboobiyyah),
and Names & Attributes (al-Asmaa wa-Sifaat), which is divided
into three categories:
First category:
Tawheed al-Ruboobiyyah (Unity of Lordship): It means: To
single out Allaah alone in His actions, with the belief that He تعالى alone is the Creator,
the Sustainer, the Giver of life and death, and all the other actions which
Allaah وتعالى does alone. A Muslim
should believe that there is no partner of Allaah in His Lordship.
Second category: Tawheed
al-Uloohiyyah (Unity of Worship): It is to single out Allaah alone in
all the actions of worship by a slave which have been legislated like the
Salaah, Zakaah, Hajj, hope, fear etc., and to not do these actions for other
than Allaah. To single out Allaah in worship is what is required from the
creation. As for the first category, Tawheed al-Ruboobiyah, the
creation as a whole accepts and believes in the existence of “God” and His
Lordship. Even the Mushriks of Makkah used to believe in Allaah’s
Lordship. As Allaah تعالى said:
{وَلَئِن سَأَلْتَهُم مَّنْ خَلَقَهُمْ لَيَقُولُنَّ اللَّهُ}
{And if you ask them who created them, they
will surely say: “Allaah.”}
[Surah Zukhruf (43): 87]
Allaah تعالى
also says:
{قُل لِّمَنِ
الْأَرْضُ وَمَن فِيهَا إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ * سَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّـهِ ۚ قُلْ أَفَلَا تَذَكَّرُونَ * قُلْ
مَن رَّبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ السَّبْعِ وَرَبُّ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ * سَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّـهِ
ۚ
قُلْ أَفَلَا تَتَّقُونَ
* قُلْ مَن بِيَدِهِ مَلَكُوتُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَهُوَ يُجِيرُ وَلَا يُجَارُ عَلَيْهِ
إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ * سَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّـهِ ۚ قُلْ فَأَنَّىٰ تُسْحَرُونَ}
{Say:
"Whose is the earth and whosoever is therein? If you
know!" They will say: "It is Allaah's!" Say: "Will you
not then remember?" Say: "Who is (the) Lord of the
seven heavens, and (the) Lord of the Great Throne?" They will say:
"Allaah." Say: "Will you not then fear Allaah (believe in His
Oneness, obey Him, believe in the Resurrection and Recompense for every good or
bad deed)?" Say: "In Whose Hand is the sovereignty of everything
(i.e. treasures of everything)? And He protects (all), while
against Whom there is no protector (i.e. if Allaah saves anyone, none
can punish or harm him; and if Allaah punishes or harms anyone, none can save
him), if you know?" They will say: "(All that belongs) to
Allaah." Say: "How then are you deceived and turn away from the
truth?"} [Surah al-Mu’minoon (23): 84-89]
And there are many more ayaat which prove that
the Mushrikeen used to believe in Allaah’s Lordship. But, what was
required from them was the worship of Allaah alone. Since they already accepted
Allaah’s Lordship, then it was incumbent on them that they single Him alone in
worship. This type of Tawheed was the essence of the call of the Messengers,
from the first to the last of them. Allaah says:
{وَلَقَدْ
بَعَثْنَا فِي كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ رَّسُولاً أَنِ اعْبُدُواْ اللَّهَ وَاجْتَنِبُواْ
الطَّاغُوتَ}
{And verily, We have sent among
every Ummah (community, nation) a Messenger (proclaiming): "Worship Allaah
(Alone), and avoid (or keep away from) Taaghoot (all false deities,
i.e. do not worship anything besides Allaah)."}
[Surah al-Nahl(16): 36]
Every Messenger’s call was towards Tawheed al-Uloohiyyah (to
single out Allaah in worship). As for Tawheed al-Ruboobiyyah (unity
of Lordship), then it is in the Fitr (natural instinct of the man) to believe
in “God”, but this alone (without worship) is not sufficient.
Third category:
Tawheed al-Asmaa’ was-Sifaat (Unity of Names and Attributes): It is
to affirm the Names and Attributes of Allaah as they have been reported in His
Book (the Qur’aan) and the Sunnah of His Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم; and to deny that which He has
denied for Himself, and that which His Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم denied for Him of the
imperfections and defects.
The Principle: Shaikh-ul
Islaam Ibn Taymiyyah رحمه
الله said: “And part of Imaan in Allaah
is the belief in what He تعالى has described Himself with in His
Book and what His Messenger Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم described Him with in the Sunnah, without Tahreef
(distorting the wording or the meaning of the Attributes) or Ta`ateel
(denying them) and without Takyeef (describing the Attributes) or Tamtheel
(making any resemblance of them to the creation).” [al-Jawaab al-Saheeh
(2/163)]
{لَيْسَ كَمِثْلِهِ
شَيْءٌ ۖ
وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْبَصِيرُ}
{There is nothing like Him, and He is the
All-Hearer, the All-Seer.} [Surah
al-Shooraa (42): 11]
What is
Shirk??
Shirk: it
is: to exchange the rights, which only belong to Allaah alone, with the
creation. It is the association of partners with Allaah in His al-Ruboobiyyah (Lordship), al-Asmaa’
was-Sifaat (Names & Attributes), and al-Uloohiyyah(Worship).
It is divided into two categories:
First category:
Shirk al-Akbar (Major Shirk): (as explained earlier) it is to exchange
the rights, which only belong to Allaah alone, with the creation. The one who
does this comes out of the fold of Islaam. It is sub-divided into two
categories:
a. Shirk in
al-Uloohiyyah (associating partners in the Worship of Allaah): It is
the acts of worship, done by a slave, for other than Allaah. Like: associating
partners in du`aa (by seeking help from the dead), love (by loving someone
more than Allaah), obedience (neglecting the rights of Allaah in obedience to
the creation), fear, hope, trust etc.
[From the actions of
Shirk are prostrating to someone other than Allaah, participating in
non-Islaamic festivities like Christmas,
Halloween, Holi, Diwaalee etc.]
b. Shirk in al-Ruboobiyyah and
al-Asmaa’ wal-Sifaat (associating partners in Lordship and Names
and Attributes of Allaah): It is the diverting, by the slave, the actions done
by Allaah alone and His names and attributes, to other than Allaah. Like:
Creating, providing sustenance, giving life.
Second Category:
Shirk al-Asghar (Minor Shirk): is “al-riyaa” which is to
beautify an action which is initially intended for Allaah, for the sake of
showing off or gaining praise. The one who does this does not go out of Islaam;
nor are all his good deeds destroyed; only those deeds are destroyed in which
this shirk had occurred. Shirk al-Asghar is the biggest of the
major sins, and it is the path which leads to Shirk al-Akbar. And unlike
Shirk al-Akbar, the one who does Shirkal-Asghar will
not be in Hell for forever.
Forbidden
Words, containing Shirk, scattered among the mass:
i. Saying:
“Khair ya tair” (meaning: it is a good omen which is equivalent to
modern day terminologies: “good luck” and “good fortune”).
[In the Jaahiliyyah (days of ignorance) people
used to take omen from the flights of birds. If one of them were to go on a
journey, they would look at the flight pattern of the birds, if it was flying
in a particular direction, they would say it is a sign of bad omen and delay
the trip; and it was flying in another direction, they would accept it as a good
omen and continue with their journey.
`Ikrimah said: We were in a gathering with Ibn
`Abbaas رضي
الله عنهما, a
bird passed by making sound. One of the men said: “Khair khair” (it is a
good omen, there is a good omen). Ibn `Abbaas رضي الله عنهما said: “There is neither good in this nor any evil.”
[Tafseer al-Qurtubee (7/266)]
Tawoos went out on a journey with one of his
companions and a raven made a crowing sound. His companion said: “it is good
(omen).” Tawoos said to him: “What is good in this? Do not accompany
me any further.” [Fath al-Majeed SharhKitaab al-Tawheed
(1/309)]]
Narrated `Abdullaah ibn Mas`ood رضي الله عنه that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
الطيرة شرك الطيرة شرك ثلاثاً
“Taking
omen is shirk, taking omen is shirk.” And he said this
three times. There is none among us (except that he is influenced by it) and
that Allaah removes it by Tawakkul (reliance upon Him). [Sunan Abu
Dawood (3910) and Sunan al-Tirmidhee (1614) and graded as “Saheeh” by Shaikh
al-Albaanee]
Apart from this, there are many more superstitious things
that people take bad omens from: example: black cat crossing the path, Friday
13th, the number 13 etc.
ii. Taking oath by
other than Allaah. Example: saying:
والنبي (By
the Prophet).
والكعبة (By
the Ka`bah).
وحياتك (By
your life).
وحياتي (By
my life).
والله
وحياتك (By
Allaah and by your life).
وشرفي
، بعزتي (By
my honor).
بالأمانة (By
honest).
بصلاتك (By
your prayer).
بحق
فلان (By the rights of
so-and-so).
بروح
والديه (By
the soul of the parents).
برأس
الأم أو الأب أو الأولاد (Taking
oaths by placing hand on the head of the mother or father or the children).
الحلف
بالأموات مثل: الجيلاني والبدوي (Taking oaths in the name of the dead, like: al-Jeelaanee,
al-Badawee etc.).
Narrated Ibn `Umar رضي الله عنهما: that he found 'Umar bin Al-Khattaab رضي الله عنه in a group of people and
he was swearing by his father. So Allaah's Apostle صلى الله عليه وسلم called them,
saying:
أَلاَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَنْهَاكُمْ
أَنْ تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ، فَمَنْ كَانَ حَالِفًا فَلْيَحْلِفْ بِاللَّهِ، وَإِلاَّ
فَلْيَصْمُتْ
“Verily!
Allaah forbids you to swear by your fathers. If one has to take an oath, he
should swear by Allaah or otherwise keep quiet.” [Saheeh
al-Bukhaaree (6108, 6646) and Saheeh Muslim (4035, 4038)]
Narrated `Abdullaah bin `Umar رضي الله عنهما: The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
مَنْ كَانَ حَالِفًا فَلاَ يَحْلِفْ
إِلاَّ بِاللَّهِ
“If
anybody has to take an oath, he should swear only by Allaah.” The
people of Quraish used to swear by their fathers, but the
Prophet صلى
الله عليه وسلم said:
لاَ تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ
“Do not
swear by your fathers.” [Saheeh
al-Bukhaaree (3836, 6648)]
Narrated `Abdul-Rahmaan bin Samurah رضي الله عنه: Allaah’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
لاَ تَحْلِفُوا بِالطَّوَاغِي وَلاَ
بِآبَائِكُمْ
“Do not
swear by idols, or by your fathers.” [Saheeh Muslim
(4043)]
Narrated Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه: The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
مَنْ حَلَفَ فَقَالَ فِي حَلِفِهِ
بِاللاَّتِ وَالْعُزَّى. فَلْيَقُلْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ
“Whoever
swears saying in his oath, ‘By Al-Laat and Al`Uzza’(names of two
idols worshipped by the pagans), should say, ‘Laa ilaaha illallaah'
(None has the right to be worshipped but Allaah).” [Saheeh
al-Bukhaaree (6107, 6650) and Saheeh Muslim (4041)]
Ibn `Umar رضي الله عنهما heard a man saying: “No
by the Ka`bah” so Ibn `Umar said: “Nothing should be sworn by other than
Allaah, for I heard the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم saying:
مَنْ حَلَفَ بِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ فَقَدْ
كَفَرَ أَوْ أَشْرَكَ
“Whoever
swears by something other than Allaah has committed an act of kufr or
shirk.”” [al-Tirmidhee (1535) and Abu Dawood (3251); and
graded as “Saheeh” by al-Albaanee in Saheeh
al-Tirmidhee]
Swearing by other than Allaah is a major sin and its
expiation is by saying: “Laa ilaaha illallaah.”
From the above examples, swearing by other than Allaah is
a minor shirk (Shirk al-Asghar), considering that the person does not
equate them to Allaah. But if the person thinks that the things he is taking
oaths on are equal to Allaah, then this is major shirk (Shirk al-Akbar).
iii. Equating the
creation with Allaah in words. Example:
ما
شاء الله وشئت (whatever
Allaah Wills and you will).
لولا
الله وأنت (if
it were not for Allaah and you).
الله
لي في السماء وأنت لي في الأرض (Allaah is my (support) in the heavens and you on earth).
مالي
إلا الله وأنت (There
is no one for me except Allaah and you).
هذا
من بركات الله وبركاتك (This
is from the blessings of Allaah and yours).
متوكل
على الله وعليك (I
trust in Allaah and you).
أعوذ
بالله وبك (I
seek Allaah’s refuge and yours).
لولا
فلان لكان كذا (If
it were not for so-and-so, such-and-such would have happened).
وهذا
من الله وفلان (This
is from Allaah and so-and-so).
متوكل
على فلان. (I’ve
trusted my affairs to so-and-so).
Allaah تعالى said:
{فَلاَ
تَجْعَلُواْ لِلّهِ أَندَاداً وَأَنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ}
{Then do
not set up rivals unto Allaah (in worship) while you know (that He Alone has
the right to be worshipped).} [Surah al-Baqarah (2):
22]
Ibn `Abbaas رضي الله عنهما said that once a man came to the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم and said: “whatever
Allaah Wills and you will.” The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
جَعَلْتَنِي للهَ عَدْلًا بَلْ مَا
شَاءَ اللهُ وَحْدَهُ
“Do you
make me equal with Allaah? Rather say: ‘Whatever Allaah alone Wills.’” [Musnad
of Imaam Ahmad (1839, 1964, 2561, 3247) and it is “Saheeh li ghairihee”
(authentic due to supporting chains) and graded as “Saheeh”
by Shaikh al-Albaanee in Saheeh al-Adab al-Mufrad (783)]
Narrated Hudhaifah رضي الله عنه: The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
لَا تَقُولُوا مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ،
وَشَاءَ فُلَانٌ، وَلَكِنْ قُولُوا مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ شَاءَ فُلَانٌ
“Do not
say: ‘What Allaah wills and so and so wills,’ but say: ‘What Allaah wills and
afterwards so and so wills.’” [Sunan Abu Dawood
(4980) and graded as “Saheeh” by Shaikh
al-Albaanee]
The correct way is to add the word “then” or
“afterwards”: “Whatever Allaah Wills and then so-and-so wills.”
iv. Cursing time.
Example: saying:
What a bad day.
What a bad time for him.
Black Wednesday. [In the events of the flooding in
Jeddah in 2010 & 2011 where a lot of people had died and both the times it
was on Wednesdays; so some of the people labeled these as “Black Wednesday”.]
Then the so called “Dark ages” (between the 5th and the
14th century), it was not dark at all. Rather what they called as “dark” was
the GOLDEN AGE OF ISLAAM!
Narrated Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه: Allaah’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: {يُؤْذِينِي ابْنُ آدَمَ يَسُبُّ
الدَّهْرَ وَأَنَا الدَّهْرُ، بِيَدِي الأَمْرُ أُقَلِّبُ اللَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ}
“Allaah
said: {The son of Aadam displeases
Me by abusing al-Dahr (time), whereas I am Myself the time. In My Hand lay
all the things and I am the One who causes the revolution of the day and
night.}” [Saheeh
al-Bukhaaree (6181, 7491) and Saheeh Muslim (5580, 5581, 5582)]
Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه reported Allaah’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم as saying:
لَا يَقُولَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ يَا خَيْبَةَ
الدَّهْرِ، فَإِنَّ اللهَ هُوَ الدَّهْرُ
“None of
you should say: ‘Woe be upon the Time’, for verily Allaah is the Time.” [Saheeh
Muslim (5583, 5584)]
v. Saying: We’ve been
blessed with rain (or any other blessing) because of so-and-so (person) or
such-and-such (star or a thing).
Narrated Zaid bin Khaalid: We went out
with Allaah’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم in the year of Al-Hudaibiyah. One night it rained and
Allaah’s Messenger صلى
الله عليه وسلم led us in the Fajr prayer and (after finishing
it), turned to us and said:
هَلْ تَدْرُونَ مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ؟
“Do you know what your Lord has said?”
We replied: “Allaah and His Apostle know it better.”
He صلى الله عليه
وسلم said:
قَالَ اللَّهُ: {أَصْبَحَ مِنْ عِبَادِي مُؤْمِنٌ
بِي وَكَافِرٌ، فَأَمَّا مَنْ قَالَ: مُطِرْنَا بِفَضْلِ اللَّهِ وَرَحْمَتِهِ، فَذَلِكَ
مُؤْمِنٌ بِي وَكَافِرٌ بِالكَوْكَبِ، وَأَمَّا مَنْ قَالَ: بِنَوْءِ كَذَا وَكَذَا،
فَذَلِكَ كَافِرٌ بِي وَمُؤْمِنٌ بِالكَوْكَبِ}
“Allaah
said: {(Some
of) My slaves got up believing in Me, And (some of them) disbelieving
in Me. The one who said: We have been given Rain through Allaah’s Mercy and
Allaah’s Blessing and Allaah’s Bounty; then he is a believer in Me, and is a
Disbeliever in the star. And whoever said: We have been given rain because of
such-and-such star; then he is a believer in the star, and is a disbeliever in Me.}” [Saheeh al-Bukhaaree (846, 1038, 4147,
7503) and Saheeh Muslim (71, 72, 73)]
vi. Names containing Shirk.
Example:
عبد
الرسول (Slave
of the Messenger)
غلام
أحمد (slave
of Ahmad)
عبد
النجم (slave
of the star)
عبد
الشمس (slave
of the sun)
[Another issue is when the Names of Allaah are attributed
to the human beings by dropping the prefix عبد from the name of the
person; so that `Abdul-Rahmaan becomes “Rahmaan” and `Abdul-Quddoos becomes “Quddoos”.
These are from the Names and Attributes of Allaah which are forbidden to be
attributed to a person except with the prefix عبد]
Examples of
Major and Minor Shirk:
Know that ignorance about Shirk (and its types) has led
some of the Muslims to commit some acts which contain Shirk, or rather Major
Shirk in itself; while believing that they are doing the best and the
greatest acts of worship which will bring them closer to Allaah! So they reply
like the Mushriks in the past had replied:
{مَا
نَعْبُدُهُمْ إِلَّا لِيُقَرِّبُونَا إِلَى اللَّهِ زُلْفَى}
{We only worship them so that they may
bring us near to Allaah} [Surah
al-Zumr (39): 3]
Rather some of them think that Shirk is limited to
worshiping of idols and stones only (i.e. apart from these two, they do not
consider any other thing to be Shirk). But the examples of Shirk are many. Some
of them are:
Examples of Major Shirk:
i. Believing that their
Auliyaa’ or Imaam or Shaikh have special authority:
That these Auliyaa’ can harm or benefit them; or that
they manage the affairs of the universe and the lives of the people; or that
they have knowledge of the unseen or that they have read what is written in
“Lauh al-Mahfoodh” (the preserved tablet); or that they are present
everywhere and see everything; or that they are the intermediaries between the
people and Allaah, so that the people ask them for help or for averting a
calamity; or fear them and have hope in them and have entrusted them their
affairs; or that they legislate and make things Halaal and Haraam for the
people for which Allaah did not provide them any authority; and that the people
give precedence to their sayings over the saying of Allaah تعالى, as He تعالى said:
{اتَّخَذُواْ
أَحْبَارَهُمْ وَرُهْبَانَهُمْ أَرْبَاباً مِّن دُونِ اللّهِ}
{They have taken their scholars and monks
as lords besides Allaah} [Surah
al-Tawbah (9): 31]
ii. Making du`aa to someone
other than Allaah, or Sujood or vowing or seeking relief from a
calamity or slaughtering for other than Allaah all with the intention of coming
closer to Allaah are from the acts of Major Shirk.
Examples of Minor Shirk:
i. Riyaa’ (showing-off):
Doing an act of worship, lacking sincerity, and seeking with it the praise of
the people instead of the pleasure of Allaah.
ii. Equating others with
Allaah in speech, like swearing by other than Allaah.
iii. Solely relying on the
means other than Allaah; example: relying solely on the medicine that it will
cure.
iv. Chasing the Dunyaa with
the righteous deeds; example: seeking religious knowledge with the intention of
securing a high position in the society only and for making money.
Acts of Shirk
which removes the person from the folds of Islaam:
i. From the acts of Shirk
which removes the person from the folds of Islaam is that which is done for the
dead or near the graves of the Prophets and the righteous people like making
du`aa to the dead asking them for help or support or blessings like how some of
them say: O so-and-so, help me or remove this difficulty from me or cure me.
ii. Offering a sacrifice to
the dead by slaughtering a goat or a chicken near the grave, in his honor and
for getting nearer to him; and attempting to get close to the dead by offering
food and wealth and animals and gifts near his grave
iii. Making vow to the dead
by addressing them and saying: “O so-and-so, if you cure me from this disease
or removed this calamity from me, I will do such-and-such”. Like how they do it
near the graves of al-Badawi, al-Jilaanee, Ibn `Arabee and other than
them.
iv. Believing that the dead
manages the affairs of the universe and life and death and that he can harm and
benefit.
v. Asking the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم to fulfill the needs and
asking him for forgiveness instead of Allaah.
vi. Doing Sujood (prostration)
or Rukoo` (bowing) or making Tawaaf around the grave.
vii. Having the fear that the
dead can harm or hope that they can benefit.
Punishment for
committing Shirk:
As for the one who does not repent from Shirk after the
argument has been established against him, then he will be from the people of
the fire as has been mentioned in the following Aayaat:
Allaah تعالى said:
{إِنَّ
اللّهَ لاَ يَغْفِرُ أَن يُشْرَكَ بِهِ وَيَغْفِرُ مَا دُونَ ذَلِكَ لِمَن
يَشَاءُ}
{Verily,
Allaah forgives not that partners should be set up with Him (in worship), but
He forgives except that (anything else) to whom He wills} [Surah
al-Nisaa’ (4): 48]
Allaah تعالى also said:
{إِنَّهُ
مَن يُشْرِكْ بِاللّهِ فَقَدْ حَرَّمَ اللّهُ عَلَيهِ الْجَنَّةَ وَمَأْوَاهُ
النَّارُ وَمَا لِلظَّالِمِينَ مِنْ أَنصَارٍ}
{Verily,
whosoever sets up partners (in worship) with Allaah, then Allaah has forbidden
Paradise to him, and the Fire will be his abode. And for
the Zaalimoon (polytheists and wrong doers) there are no
helpers} [Surah al-Maa’idah(5): 72]
The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
من لقي الله يشرك به شيئا دخل
النار
“Anyone
who dies worshipping others along with Allaah will definitely enter the Fire” [Saheeh
al-Bukhaaree (1238, 4497) and Saheeh Muslim (150, 151, 152)]
And one should know that Shirk has prevailed over many
people, till Islaam has become a stranger, because there are many who do not
understand the true meaning of لا إله إلا الله “Laa ilaaha illallaah” (There is no one worthy
of being worshiped except Allaah).
And know that it is not allowed for you to be a silent
spectator when Shirk appears, but it is obligatory to oppose it and fight it
and that you become a caller towards Tawheed.
For many think that they are far from committing Shirk,
but it is not far away from them!!
A person might commit Shirk while speaking quickly or
does something which does not even take a second or due to fear of or hope
from someone other than Allaah!! For many of those who commit Shirk
do not know (what they have done).
Forbidden acts
done near the graves of the Prophets and the righteous people:
A lot of them are bid`ah, superstition and means for
Major Shirk:
i. Believing that the
du`aa is quickly answered near the grave and also facing the grave while
making the du`aa like how one would face the Qiblah while praying and also
reciting the Qur’aan near the grave.
ii. Making journeys to visit
the graves and participating in the festivities and staying there for seeking
blessings. In Islaam it is not allowed to undertake a journey, as a means of
getting closer to Allaah, except to the three Masaajid, as the
Prophet صلى
الله عليه وسلم had said:
لاَ تُشَدُّ الرِّحَالُ إِلَّا
إِلَى ثَلاَثَةِ مَسَاجِدَ: المَسْجِدِ الحَرَامِ، وَمَسْجِدِ الرَّسُولِ صَلَّى
اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَمَسْجِدِ الأَقْصَى
“Do not
set out on a journey except for three Masaajid, i.e. al-Masjid-Al-Haraam,
Masjid of Allaah’s Apostle, and Masjid of al-Aqsa” [Saheeh
al-Bukhaaree (1189, 1197, 1864, 1995) and Saheeh Muslim (827, 1397)]
iii. Making the graves
permanent, writing over it, decorating it, building a structure over it and
covering it with a sheet and building domes over it and making it a place
of Eid and festivities and making regular visits to it (the
festivals) and planting a tree next to it are all from the acts of Bid`ah.
iv. Making a structure over
the grave or praying in the places where there are graves or facing it while
praying are all Haraam. It is not allowed to pray in these Masaajid, and
the prayers will be void and it is necessary to demolish these places as the
Prophet صلى
الله عليه وسلم said:
لَعَنَ اللَّهُ اليَهُودَ
اتَّخَذُوا قُبُورَ أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ مَسَاجِدَ
“Allaah
curse the Jews and Christians for they built the places of worship at the
graves of their Prophets” [Saheeh
al-Bukhaaree (1330, 1390, 4441) and Saheeh Muslim (529, 530)]
v. Touching the grave and
then wiping hand over the face for blessings.
And Allaah is the One who grants
success.
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